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Pressure-assisted toilets offer powerful flushing capabilities. In this article, we’ll explore how to diagnose and fix common problems with pressure-assisted toilets to keep your toilet working. This Old House plumbing and heating expert Richard Trethewey demonstrates the inner workings of a pressure-assisted toilet and guides us through a repair process in the video above.
How Do Pressure-Assisted Toilets Work?
Pressure-assisted toilets work differently from traditional gravity-flush models. These toilets use a sealed pressure vessel inside the tank to create a powerful flush from the combined force of water and compressed air. Because of their powerful flushing capabilities, these models are popular in both residential and commercial settings.
When you flush a pressure-assisted toilet, compressed air and water are released from the pressure vessel, creating a strong flushing action. The flush lever triggers the air and water to rush down for a thorough and efficient flush. After flushing, the tank refills with water, compressing the air inside the vessel and preparing it for the next use. This system ensures a consistent and powerful flush every time, distinguishing it from conventional gravity-flush toilets.
Common Issues With Pressure-Assisted Toilets
While pressure-assisted toilets are generally reliable, they can experience problems over time. These problems often stem from issues with the pressure regulator, which controls the water pressure inside the tank, or other internal components that may wear out or malfunction. Here are some common problems:
- Continuous running or refilling
- Leaks from the tank or bowl
- Loud noises during or after flushing
- Weak or incomplete flushes
Diagnosing the Pressure-Assisted Toilet’s Problem
Before attempting any repairs, identify the specific issue with your toilet. Trethewey explains that many problems are related to the pressure regulator, which maintains a consistent pressure inside the tank.
Checking the Pressure Regulator
The pressure regulator is designed to maintain about 30 pounds per square inch (psi) of pressure in the tank. If the pressure drops below this level, it can cause weak flushes or other issues. If the pressure is too high, it may lead to noisy operation or damage to the internal components.
To check the pressure regulator, use a pressure gauge specifically designed for toilets to measure the psi in the tank. Attach the gauge on each side of the regulator and ensure the reading is around 30 psi. Also, inspect the pressure regulator for any signs of wear or damage.
Identifying Other Potential Issues
While the pressure regulator is a common culprit, other components can also cause problems:
- Damaged or worn seals can cause leaks and affect performance.
- A faulty flush valve can prevent the right amount of water from being released from the tank into the bowl, leading to incomplete flushing and reduced toilet efficiency.
- Clogged jets or rim holes impair rinsing efficiency and flow.
- Issues with the fill valve affect the tank’s refilling process.
Toilet Repair Tools and Materials Needed
Before repairing the pressure regulator, gather the following tools and materials:
- Adjustable wrench
- Large adjustable pliers
- Replacement pressure regulator (if needed)
- Screwdriver
- Stainless steel hose clamp
- Towels or rags for cleanup
- Utility knife
Replacing the Toilet Pressure Regulator
Follow these steps to replace your pressure regulator, as demonstrated by Richard Trethewey:
- Turn off the water supply to the toilet by closing the shut-off valve.
- Flush the toilet to empty the tank completely.
- Disconnect the water supply line from the toilet.
- Remove the bolts securing the tank to the bowl and carefully lift off the tank.
- Use pliers to remove the spud nut from the bottom of the tank.
- Unscrew the nut holding the fill tube to the bottom of the tank.
- Carefully slide the pressure-assist unit out of the tank.
- Use a utility knife to cut off the defective pressure regulator close to the old clamp.
- Install the new pressure regulator, securing it with a stainless steel hose clamp.
- Reassemble the pressure-assist unit and reinstall it in the tank.
- Reattach the tank to the bowl and reconnect the water supply line.
- Turn on the water supply and test the toilet for operation.
Preventative Maintenance For a Pressure-Assisted Toilet
Regular maintenance is key to long-lasting performance and reliability. By following these preventative steps, you can extend the life of your pressure-assisted toilet and avoid costly repairs in the future:
- Regularly inspect the internal components for signs of wear or damage.
- Clean the rim holes and jets to prevent clogs and maintain efficiency.
- Address any leaks or unusual noises promptly.
- Consider having a professional plumber perform annual maintenance to ensure everything is in good working order.
When To Call a Professional Plumber
While you can take care of many pressure-assisted toilet repairs on your own, some situations require professional assistance. Consider calling a plumber if you experience any of the following issues:
- The problem persists after attempting repairs and troubleshooting.
- There’s significant water damage or leakage that could lead to further problems.
- You’re uncomfortable working with plumbing fixtures or unsure of any step.
- You suspect issues with the home’s water pressure or plumbing system that may require more extensive expertise.
A licensed plumber can diagnose and repair complex issues, ensuring your pressure-assisted toilet operates safely and efficiently.
