Water heaters are essential appliances in most homes, but they often come with a list of questions and misconceptions. From concerns about when to replace them to myths about maintenance, homeowners frequently find themselves puzzled by these seemingly simple devices. Below, we address some of the most common water heater myths and provide expert insights to help you better understand and maintain your water heater. Plumbing professional Richard Trethewey shares his knowledge on water heater longevity, maintenance, and replacement.
A Water Heater’s Typical Lifespan
One of the most pressing questions for homeowners is how long their water heater will last. While there’s no definitive answer, understanding the factors that influence a water heater’s lifespan can help you make informed decisions about maintenance and replacement.
Most tank-type water heaters last between 8 and 12 years. However, this can vary depending on several factors, including the following:
- Water quality
- Maintenance frequency
- Usage patterns
- Installation quality
- Water heater type
The system’s warranty period often correlates with the unit’s expected lifespan.
Signs It’s Time for a Replacement
While age is a significant factor, it’s not the only indicator that your water heater may need replacement. Look out for these signs:
- Rusty water coming from the hot water taps
- Unusual noises, such as popping or cracking sounds
- Visible leaks or moisture around the tank
- Decreased hot water output
- Frequent need for repairs
If you notice any of these signs, it may be time to start shopping for a new water heater.
Debunking Water Heater Myths
There are several misconceptions about water heaters that lead to poor maintenance practices or unnecessary replacements.
Myth 1: Water Heaters Explode Without Warning
While water heater explosions are often dramatized in movies and TV shows, they’re extremely rare. Modern water heaters are equipped with multiple safety features, including temperature and pressure relief valves, that prevent catastrophic failures.
Myth 2: Water Heaters Must Be Replaced After 10 Years
While many water heaters do last around 10 years, proper maintenance can help them last much longer. Trethewey says that by changing the anode rod every two years, you can potentially make a hot water tank last for up to 30 years.
Myth 3: Draining the Tank Annually Is Enough Maintenance
While draining the tank can help remove sediment, it’s not the only maintenance task needed. Regular checks of the pressure relief valve, inspection of the anode rod, and monitoring for leaks are all important aspects of water heater maintenance.
Proactive Water Heater Maintenance Tips
These maintenance tasks can keep your water heater in good condition longer.
Replacing the Anode Rod
The anode rod is a key component that helps prevent corrosion inside the tank. If you don’t change it within the first two or three years of the water heater’s life, it may become fused and impossible to remove later.
Flushing the Tank
Periodically flushing your water heater can help remove sediment buildup. Here’s how to do it effectively:
- Turn off the water supply to the tank.
- Attach a hose to the drain valve at the bottom of the tank.
- Open the drain valve and let the water flow out.
- Turn the water supply on and off quickly a few times to help stir up and flush out sediment.
This process helps maintain efficiency and can prevent heating elements from failing prematurely.
Regular Inspections
Perform visual inspections of your water heater regularly, looking for signs of leaks, rust, or other damage. Check the area around the base of the tank for any moisture or water accumulation.
Choosing the Right Replacement for Your Water Heater
When it’s time to replace your water heater, you have several options. The choice depends on your household’s needs, budget, and energy efficiency goals.
Tank vs. Tankless Water Heaters
Tank water heaters are the traditional choice and are generally less expensive upfront. However, tankless water heaters offer on-demand hot water and can be more energy-efficient in the long run. As Trethewey points out, switching from a tank to a tankless system requires careful planning and may involve upgrading gas lines and other infrastructure.
Considering Location and Risk
Your water heater’s location can influence your replacement. A water heater in a finished area of your home poses a greater risk of water damage if it leaks compared to one in an unfinished basement. This may lead you to choose a more reliable or newer model, or even consider switching to a tankless system to minimize risk.
Energy Efficiency Considerations
When selecting a new water heater, we recommend energy-efficient models that can help reduce your utility bills. Look for a unit with the Energy Star label, signifying it meets strict energy efficiency guidelines set by the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency and Department of Energy.
Handling Water Heater Emergencies
Despite best efforts in maintenance, water heater emergencies can still occur. If you discover a leak from your water heater:
- Immediately shut off the water supply to the tank.
- Turn off the power supply (for electric heaters) or gas supply (for gas heaters).
- Attach a hose to the drain valve and direct it to a suitable drainage area.
- Open the drain valve to empty the tank below the level of the leak.
These steps can help control the situation until a professional can assess and repair or replace the unit.
When To Call a Professional for Water Heater Issues
While some maintenance tasks can be DIY projects, these situations require professional intervention:
- Complex installations or replacements
- Electrical or gas line modifications
- Persistent leaks or unusual noises
- Annual professional inspections for optimal performance
Safety should always be your top priority when dealing with water heaters.
Extending Your Water Heater’s Lifespan
These tasks may seem minor but can make a significant difference in the long-term functionality of your water heater.
Checking the Temperature Setting
One often overlooked aspect of water heater maintenance is the temperature setting. Keeping the water heater set to a lower temperature, typically around 120 degrees Fahrenheit, can not only save energy but also reduce wear and tear on the unit. Regularly check the temperature setting to ensure it hasn’t been inadvertently adjusted.
Inspecting the Pressure Relief Valve
The pressure relief valve is a critical safety feature. It prevents excessive pressure buildup by allowing water to escape if the pressure gets too high. Periodically testing this valve ensures it’s functioning correctly. Lift the valve’s lever and let it snap back. You should hear a gurgling sound, indicating water is being released into the overflow tube. If this doesn’t happen, the valve may need replacement.
Insulating the Water Heater and Pipes
Insulating your water heater and the first few feet of the hot water pipes can reduce heat loss and improve efficiency. This is especially important for older models that may not be as well-insulated as newer ones. Use insulation blankets designed for water heaters and foam pipe insulation to keep the heat where it belongs.
Water Heater Warranties and Costs
Water heater warranties can vary significantly between models and manufacturers. Understanding what your warranty covers can save you money and headaches if your unit encounters problems.
Types of Warranties
Most water heaters come with a warranty that covers the tank and parts for a specified period, typically ranging from 6–12 years. Some premium models may offer longer warranties. It’s crucial to read the warranty details to understand what is and isn’t covered, including any conditions that might void the warranty.
Cost Considerations
When budgeting for a new water heater, several cost factors come into play:
- Initial purchase price: Tank water heaters generally have a lower upfront cost compared to tankless models.
- Installation costs: Professional installation can vary widely depending on the job’s complexity and local labor rates. Tankless systems, for example, often require more extensive installation work.
- Maintenance costs: Regular maintenance, such as replacing the anode rod or flushing the tank, adds to the total cost of ownership.
- Operating costs: Energy-efficient models may have higher upfront costs but can save money in the long run through lower utility bills.
