How To Prevent Household Plumbing Leaks

Household plumbing leaks can quickly cause significant water damage and lead to costly repairs, but homeowners can prevent leaks with the right tools and a plan of attack. By inspecting supply lines, implementing shut-off measures, and implementing monthly maintenance tasks, you can keep your plumbing system running smoothly. Read how to prevent household plumbing leaks in our guide below, and watch the video above for tips from This Old House host Kevin O’Connor and prevention specialist Michael Milligan. 

Inspecting Kitchen Plumbing

The kitchen is vulnerable to plumbing leaks because of its many water connections. Regularly inspecting for leaks can prevent water damage.

Checking Under the Sink

1. Examine the drain pipes for moisture or signs of leakage.
2. Run your finger along the trap beneath the sink and check for any dampness.
3. If you feel moisture, tighten the fittings on the trap using pliers.
4. Replace the trap if it shows signs of damage or corrosion.

Under-sink leaks can often go unnoticed until they cause significant damage. Check for drips and moisture regularly, especially if your home is older and features outdated plumbing. Keep a flashlight handy so that you can see the darker corners of your cabinet.

Inspecting Supply Lines

Supply lines are constantly under pressure, which makes them susceptible to leaks. Follow the steps below to prevent issues:

1. Look for excessive moisture or bubbling water around connections.
2. Check lines that connect to the faucet, dishwasher, and the refrigerator’s ice maker.
3. Check for any cracks or wear along the supply lines.
4. Replace any damaged or corroded lines promptly.

Supply lines that run to your kitchen appliances should be made of durable materials. Even the best materials can succumb to wear and tear over time, though, especially when they constantly confront water pressure. Inspect these lines regularly to help prevent unexpected leaks.

Detecting Hidden Leaks

Leaks may not be immediately visible. Follow the steps below to uncover hidden issues:

• Look for discoloration or staining on the floor of the sink cabinet.
• Pay attention to musty odors, which can indicate hidden water damage.
• Wipe the sink cabinet floor with a dry cloth to check for moisture.

Hidden leaks can lead to mold growth and structural damage. If your sink cabinet smells musty or you notice discoloration, you may have a serious leak.

Protecting Your Laundry Room From Leaks

Washing machine leaks can cause extensive damage in finished areas or on upper floors. Take the precautions below to minimize risk.

Installing a Drain Pan

Place a plastic drain pan under the washing machine to catch potential leaks. Make sure the pan is a size that’s consistent with your washing machine. Connect the pan to a nearby drainpipe to prevent overflow and damage.

Maintaining Washing Machine Hoses

Washing machine hoses are a common source of leaks. These hoses can become brittle and crack over time. Upgrading to braided stainless steel hoses provides an extra layer of protection against unexpected bursts or leaks.

Regularly inspect hot and cold water hoses for signs of wear or damage. Replace both hoses every 3 to 5 years, and upgrade to braided stainless steel hoses for even more durability.

Implementing Automatic Shut-off Measures

Follow the steps below to prevent major water damage from burst hoses or malfunctioning machines:

1. Install a manual shut-off valve behind the washing machine.
2. Install an electric water sensor that automatically shuts off water when it detects leaks.
3. Use the shut-off valve when you’re leaving for extended periods of time or when you’re not using the machine.

Preventing Frozen Pipes

Pipes that freeze can burst and cause significant water damage. Consider the tips below to protect your plumbing in unheated areas.

Insulating Pipes

Identify pipes in unheated basements, crawl spaces, or near exterior walls. Use foam pipe insulation or heat tape to protect vulnerable pipes, and pay special attention to pipes near windows or in particularly cold corners.

Pipes in unheated or poorly insulated areas are at risk of freezing. Proper insulation can prevent these pipes from freezing and bursting.

Additional Freeze Prevention Measures

• Keep garage doors closed if water supply lines run through the garage area.
• Let cold water drip from faucets that connect to exposed pipes during extremely cold weather.
• Open kitchen and bathroom cabinet doors to allow warmer air to circulate around plumbing.

These additional measures can help you protect against frozen pipes. Allowing a small water flow can prevent freezing, as moving water has less chance to freeze and become solid. 

Regular Maintenance and Inspection of Plumbing

Implementing a routine maintenance schedule can help you to prevent leaks and catch issues early.

Monthly Checks

• Check for dampness or water stains around fixtures and appliances.
• Inspect visible pipes and connections for signs of corrosion or wear.
• Test your home’s water pressure and make sure it’s within a safe range.

Seasonal Maintenance

• Clean gutters and downspouts to prevent water from backing up and seeping into your home.
• Inspect your roof for damaged or missing shingles that could lead to leaks.
• Test your sump pump before the rainy season to make sure it’s functioning properly.

Professional Inspections

Homeowners can handle many facets of the inspections process, but professional plumbers should still occasionally inspect the entire plumbing system. Hire a plumber to check hard-to-reach areas and inspect pipes for potential issues. 

Professional inspections can catch things that do-it-yourself checks might miss. Plumbers have the tools and expertise necessary to inspect the entire plumbing system, including areas that are difficult to reach or see.

Upgrading Plumbing Components

Investing in high-quality plumbing components can significantly reduce the risk of leaks.

Faucets and Fixtures

• Choose fixtures that feature ceramic disc valves. These are especially durable and leak-resistant. 
• Install low-flow fixtures to reduce water pressure and ease the strain on your plumbing system.
• Replace old, worn-out faucets with modern, leak-resistant models.

Pipes and Connections

• Install water hammer arrestors to prevent pipe damage from sudden pressure changes.
• Replace older pipes with more durable materials such as PEX or copper.
• Use compression fittings or soldered joints for more secure connections.

Smart Home Technology

• Consider a whole-house water shut-off system that you can control remotely.
• Install smart water monitors that alert you to unusual water patterns.
• Use WiFi-enabled leak detectors in high-risk areas such as basements or under sinks.

Smart technology can make leak detection easier. Water monitors can identify usage anomalies and alert homeowners to potential leaks, while leak detectors provide early warning in areas that are prone to water damage. A whole-house water shut-off system offers robust protection by allowing you to control the water supply remotely.