Ground-Mounted Solar Panels

What Are Ground-Mounted Solar Panels?

Ground-mounted solar panels are mounted on frames or poles and are securely anchored to the ground instead of a roof. This setup makes them a more versatile and efficient alternative to rooftop systems. Ground-mounted solar panels work particularly well for properties with lots of open space.

How Do They Work?

Like rooftop systems, ground-mounted solar energy systems harness the sun’s power through photovoltaic (PV) cells. These cells link together in modules, which then connect to form an array large enough to power your home.

PV cells have a semiconductive layer that absorbs sunlight and uses its energy to generate electricity. This direct current flows along metal lines to an inverter that changes it into the alternating current needed to power your home. Excess energy either flows into the electric grid or into solar batteries that store it for later use.

Types of Ground-Mounted Solar Panels

You can choose from three main types of residential ground-mounted solar panel systems:

Pole-mounted panels: Pole-mounted solar systems elevate panels above any ground obstructions, such as dense vegetation. This setup is more expensive than other types but is more compatible with dual-axis or single-axis solar tracking systems.
Solar carports: Solar carports suspend panels high enough to shelter vehicles and electric vehicle charging stations. These double-duty systems can sit over parking lots or driveways to conserve space, but they cost more than other systems.
Standard ground mounts: Standard ground-mounted solar panels are the simplest and most cost-effective option. These systems include small anchors that support a table-like steel framework. This framework can tilt for optimal sun exposure.

Ground-Mounted vs. Roof-Mounted Systems

Ground- and roof-mounted solar panels each have unique advantages and drawbacks. Your choice will depend on your property layout, energy goals, and budget. Here’s how the two options compare:

Aesthetics: Roof-mounted panels, including traditional racked systems and solar shingles, better blend into your home’s existing structure and preserve yard space. Ground-mounted panels, on the other hand, are more visible and may impact landscaping or outdoor aesthetics.
Cost considerations: Roof-mounted systems typically cost less due to having a simpler installation and fewer materials. Ground-mounted systems may carry higher upfront costs but can offer greater long-term energy output and efficiency.
Location and performance: You can install ground-mounted systems on the sunniest part of your property, optimizing orientation and tilt for maximum efficiency. Your roof’s angle, shape, and shading limit roof-mounted panels.
Installation: Roof systems are generally easier and quicker to install because they use existing structural support. Ground-mounted systems require more planning, excavation, and materials for racking and mounting.
Maintenance: Ground-mounted panels are easier to access for routine cleaning and repairs. Roof-mounted panels are harder to reach and may accumulate more debris, especially under trees or near vents.
Permitting and zoning: Roof installations usually require standard building permits. Ground-mounted systems may face additional zoning or land-use regulations depending on your location.
Space: Roof-mounted panels use existing roof space, while ground-mounted systems require additional land. This makes ground systems better suited for properties with ample open space.

Ground-Mounted Solar Panel Advantages

Ground-mounted solar power systems are particularly effective in large properties. Here are some key additional benefits:

Easier installation and maintenance: Installing, cleaning, and maintaining solar arrays that are anchored to the ground is much easier and safer than installing, cleaning, and maintaining those that are anchored to a roof.
Home value and tax incentives: Installing a solar system can increase your home’s value by 4.1% or more, according to Zillow. U.S. homeowners may qualify for the federal solar tax credit or more local incentives.
More flexibility: Ground-mounted systems offer more flexibility with panel placement. Plus, you can easily add panels if your energy needs increase in the future.
Natural cooling and higher efficiency: Ground-mounted systems offer more space between PV systems and their bases. This allows for better airflow and keeps modules cooler and more efficient.
No roof penetration: The installation process for ground-mounted panels doesn’t require drilling into the roof, so there is no risk of structural damage.
Agrovoltaic potential: With proper planning, the land used for a ground-mounted array can serve a dual purpose. Agrovoltaic installations incorporate shade-tolerant crops, pollinator-friendly habitats, or even grazing for small livestock beneath and around the panels.
Higher potential output: You can adjust the tilt angle of ground-mounted panels to maximize their sun exposure. Many systems also have solar tracking capabilities, which means the panels can automatically adjust their tilt angles throughout the day to follow the sun.

Ground-Mounted Solar Panel Disadvantages

The key disadvantages of ground-mounted solar panels include higher cost and installation difficulty. Below are all the drawbacks.

Aesthetic impact: Ground-mounted systems are larger and more visible than rooftop installations and will stick out in residential areas.
Availability: Not every top solar provider offers ground-mount options, so you may have to research local or specialized installers to find one that supports this type of system.
Higher upfront cost: Ground-mounted solar panels are more expensive than roof-mounted solar panels. The heavy machinery and additional workforce required for installation may also drive up labor costs.
Permitting issues: Obtaining a permit for a ground-mounted solar installation can be particularly complicated. These installations are independent construction projects because they involve freestanding structures and usually come with stricter zoning regulations.
Risk of damage: Ground-mounted panels are more susceptible to theft, vandalism, and accidental damage, and animals can damage wires or panels. You can protect your system with a fence, increasing overall costs.
Space requirements: Each ground-mounted solar panel takes up about 18 square feet of space, and you’ll need between 15 and 25 panels, depending on your household energy consumption. That means your system can occupy nearly 450 square feet of space that you cannot use for other purposes.
Environmental impact: Installing a large ground-mounted solar array might involve altering the land, which could have minor ecological implications. However, you may be able to offset this with agrovoltaics.

How Much Do Ground-Mounted Solar Panels Cost?

The average cost of solar panels, including installation, is approximately $3.44 per watt, according to data sourced from Angi. An average system size of 17.5 kilowatts (kW) brings the total cost of a ground-mounted system to about $60,200 before applying any incentives.

Ground-mounted solar systems typically cost more than rooftop installations due to additional materials and labor involved. Several factors influence the total cost:

Installation and labor: Extensive ground preparation, custom racking, and the use of heavy machinery can increase costs. Labor rates also vary by region and installer.
Materials: High-quality panels, adjustable racking systems, and integrated storage solutions add to expenses.
Permits and incentives: Local permitting fees and interconnection requirements can affect costs, while federal and state tax credits may provide savings.
System size and capacity: Larger systems require more panels and infrastructure, leading to higher costs.
System type: Pole-mounted systems with tracking capabilities are generally more expensive than fixed ground-mounted setups. Whether your system connects to the grid also affects the overall cost, and hybrid solar systems cost more.

Despite the upfront investment, many homeowners consider solar panels worthwhile, especially when considering long-term energy savings and environmental benefits.

To maximize your investment, we recommend obtaining quotes from multiple solar companies. Compare product quality, system efficiency, solar financing options, and projected energy savings to determine the best fit for your needs.

Are Ground-Mounted Solar Panels Right for My Home?

Determining whether ground-mounted solar panels are right for you is a matter of personal preference and property variables. Below are situations in which you should strongly consider ground-mounted panels.

You don’t have a south-facing roof: Roofs that face east, west, or north may not capture enough sunlight to meet your energy needs.
You have ample unshaded land: You can maximize your energy production with ground-mounted panels if you own a large amount of land that receives plenty of sunlight.
You dislike the look of roof-mounted panels: Some homeowners simply prefer the look of ground-mount panels.
You need more energy than your roof can provide: Consider installing ground-mounted panels if your existing rooftop panels don’t generate enough energy.
You want to avoid roof penetration: Ground-mounted systems eliminate the risk of roof damage from a solar installation.
Your roof is in the shade: If towering trees or buildings keep it in the shade, you may need to find a sunnier location.
Your roof is otherwise unsuitable: The type, pitch, age, and condition of your roof might make it unsuitable for solar panels.
You’re worried about maintenance: Regular cleaning and maintenance can extend the life of your solar panels, and a ground-mount system is much easier to access.

If you’re unsure which type of solar system to choose, schedule a consultation with a reputable solar installation company. An experienced technician can calculate your energy needs and recommend your household’s best product and placement.

Our Conclusion

Ground-mounted solar panels offer a flexible and efficient alternative to rooftop solar arrays. They’re also easier to maintain and scale than rooftop panels. A ground-mounted system with solar tracking capabilities costs more upfront and takes up a significant amount of space, but it’s more efficient than a fixed array. We recommend consulting with a solar professional to make an informed decision tailored to your situation and property.

FAQs About Ground-Mounted Solar Panels

How much space do you need for ground-mounted solar panels?

As a general rule, ground-mounted solar panels require at least 350 square feet of space. The exact amount depends on your desired energy output, panel efficiency, layout, and tilt angle.

Is ground-mounted solar cheaper?

No, ground-mounted solar systems usually cost more than rooftop solar panels due to the need for additional materials like framing, anchoring systems, and longer wiring. However, optimally positioned ground-mounted solar panels may generate more energy and thus save you more money in the long run.

Is it better to ground-mount solar panels?

Whether it’s better to ground-mount solar panels depends on your specific circumstances. Ground-mounted systems are an excellent choice for maximizing energy production, simplifying maintenance, and powering homes with unsuitable roofs. However, they take up more space and generally have a higher upfront cost than rooftop systems.

What are the hidden costs of ground-mounted solar panels?

The hidden costs of ground-mounted solar panels include site preparation, permits and inspections, and trenching for electrical wiring. However, a reputable solar installer should include these costs in their quote. Always request an itemized quote from your installer and ask about any additional costs that might arise.