A variable-speed trigger is a useful feature of modern drills and drivers—it allows you to control the tool’s speed and power with precision. This functionality improves control, reduces damage to materials, and improves drilling and driving performance. In this guide, we’ll explore how to effectively use a variable-speed trigger on your drill/driver. In the video above, This Old House contributor Mark Clement demonstrates the proper techniques for this helpful feature.
What Is a Variable-Speed Trigger?
Variable-speed triggers on drill/drivers allow you to adjust the tool’s rotational speed by applying different amounts of pressure to the trigger. This feature provides greater control and versatility when you work with various materials and fasteners.
How Variable-Speed Triggers Work
The variable-speed trigger on a drill/driver operates on a simple principle: the harder you squeeze the trigger, the faster the drill bit or driver bit rotates. This system allows for a range of speeds, from slow to powerful.
- Low speed: Gentle pressure on the trigger
- Medium speed: Moderate pressure on the trigger
- High speed: Full pressure on the trigger
Benefits of Variable-Speed Control
Using a variable-speed trigger offers several advantages when working with a drill/driver:
- Ability to adapt to different materials
- Better control when starting holes
- Improved precision for delicate tasks
- Reduced risk of stripping screws
Variable-Speed Trigger Techniques
Mastering the use of a variable-speed trigger can improve your drilling and driving results. Here are some essential techniques to help you make the most of this feature.
The ‘On-Off’ Technique
While many users tend to use the variable-speed trigger at the halfway point, Clement recommends using two primary speeds: on and off. This technique involves quick, controlled bursts of power rather than maintaining a moderate speed.
- Set the bit by applying short, quick trigger pulls.
- Drive the screw using full trigger pressure.
- Finish driving with short, controlled bursts.
Modulating or ‘Goosing’ the Trigger
When approaching the end of driving a screw, you need precise control to avoid overdriving. This is where the technique of modulating or “goosing” the trigger comes into play.
- Drive the screw at full speed until it’s almost flush.
- Switch to short, controlled trigger pulls.
- Adjust pressure based on the material.
Adapting to Different Materials
Different materials require different approaches when using a variable-speed trigger:
- Hardwoods: Start with lower speeds to prevent splitting or burning.
- Metal: Begin at low speeds to create a pilot indentation, then increase as needed.
- Plastics: Use lower speeds to prevent melting or cracking.
- Softwoods: Use higher speeds for efficient drilling and driving.
Advanced Techniques for Expert Users
Advanced users can apply specialized techniques to further improve the use of a variable-speed trigger. These techniques aim for precision and adaptability for complex tasks.
- Feathering the trigger: Gradually increase or decrease trigger pressure to transition smoothly between speeds.
- Pattern drilling: For tasks requiring repeated actions, establish a speed pattern to ensure uniform results.
- Material-specific adjustments: Customize the trigger pressure for composite materials by testing different speeds.
Tips for Effective Variable-Speed Trigger Use
To get the most out of your drill/driver’s variable-speed trigger, practice on scrap materials to develop a feel for the trigger’s responsiveness. Use the appropriate bit type and size for your task, and keep a firm grip on the drill/driver to ensure steady control. Keep your drill or driver well-maintained for consistent performance.
Avoiding Common Mistakes
When using a variable-speed trigger, be aware of these common mistakes:
- Applying too much pressure, which can lead to stripped screws
- Failing to use the clutch settings with the variable-speed trigger
- Neglecting to adjust speed for different materials
- Using inconsistent speed, resulting in uneven drilling
Safety Precautions
Always wear safety goggles and gloves when operating a drill/driver. Keep the drill bit or driver bit sharp and clean, and work in a well-lit area. Unplug or remove the battery from the tool when you change bits.
Combining Variable-Speed With Other Drill/Driver Features
To maximize the effectiveness of your drill/driver, use the variable-speed trigger together with other features of the tool.
Clutch Settings
Most drills/drivers have adjustable clutch settings that work alongside the variable-speed trigger. The clutch helps prevent overdriving screws by disengaging the motor when a certain level of resistance is met. Use lower clutch settings for softer materials, and increase clutch settings for harder materials. Adjust the clutch in combination with trigger control for optimal results.
Speed Selection Switch
Many drill/drivers feature a speed selection switch, typically offering low and high-speed ranges. This switch works in tandem with the variable-speed trigger to provide an even wider range of speed control.
- Low-speed range: Use for driving screws or drilling large holes.
- High-speed range: Ideal for drilling smaller holes or working with harder materials.
Drill/Driver Modes
Modern drill/drivers often come with specialized modes for different tasks. Familiarize yourself with these modes to improve your drilling and driving efficiency:
- Drill mode: Designed for drilling holes
- Driver mode: Optimized for driving screws
- Hammer mode: Suitable for masonry work
Practical Applications of Variable-Speed Control
A variable-speed trigger can be essential for many practical applications, ranging from simple household tasks to professional construction work.
- Home improvement projects: DIY enthusiasts can use variable-speed control for various home improvement projects, such as installing shelves, mounting brackets, and assembling furniture.
- Professional construction: Professionals benefit from variable-speed triggers for tasks requiring precision and efficiency. These tasks include framing work, electrical installations, and plumbing repairs.
- Specialized crafts: Artisans and hobbyists can use variable-speed triggers to work on specialized crafts to get precision and attention to detail. These crafts range from woodworking to metalworking and model building.
Maintaining Your Drill/Driver for Optimal Performance
To keep your variable-speed trigger functioning properly, regularly maintain your drill/driver. Clean the tool after each use to remove dust and debris and lubricate moving parts according to the manufacturer’s instructions. Check and tighten any loose screws or parts and store your drill or driver in a dry, clean environment.
Depending on the frequency of use, implement a detailed maintenance schedule. Inspect the drill for wear and tear weekly, and disassemble and clean internal components monthly. Have a professional perform detailed maintenance annually.