Homeowners can use grease guns to maintain different types of machinery and equipment, such as auto parts, construction equipment, lawn mowers, and chainsaws. Using a grease gun to keep tools in good working condition can better prepare you for repair jobs and save you money. Learn how to safely load and use a grease gun in our step-by-step guide below so that you can keep your equipment in good working condition.
What Are Grease Guns?
You can use grease guns to apply lubricant to certain parts of your machines, which are known as grease fittings or Zerk fittings. Grease guns keep equipment in good condition and prevent wear and tear on moving parts.
Most grease guns include the following components:
- Barrel: The cylindrical body that holds the grease cartridge or bulk grease
- Coupler: Attaches to the grease fitting, and allows grease to flow into the lubrication point
- Head assembly: Contains the pump mechanism, and connects the barrel to the outlet
- Hose or rigid extension: Connects the head assembly to the coupler so that you can more easily access tight spaces
- Plunger: Pushes grease through the gun
Types of Grease Guns
There are several types of grease guns available, and each is suited for different applications. Read more below.
- Lever-actuated grease guns: These manual guns require users to pump a lever to dispense grease.
- Pistol-grip grease guns: These guns feature a handle that’s similar to a pistol’s. They offer great control and are especially useful for home projects.
- Cordless battery-operated grease guns: These power tools provide consistent pressure, and are best for heavy-duty applications.
- Pneumatic grease guns: Compressed air powers these guns. They’re best for use in industrial settings.
Types of Grease Gun Accessories
Consider investing in the grease gun accessories below to make the guns more useful.
- Grease gun holder: Allows you to easily access your grease gun and prevents contamination.
- Needle nozzle adapter: This helps you to lubricate small or hard-to-reach fittings precisely.
- Hose extension: This extends your grease gun so that you can reach remote grease points.
- Pressure relief valve: This prevents over-pressurization and potential damage to your grease gun or equipment.
Make sure the accessories you choose are compatible with your specific grease gun model. Refer to the manufacturer’s guidelines or consult customer service for recommendations.
Selecting the Right Grease for Your Equipment
You must choose the right grease for your machinery to prevent equipment failure or damage. Below is a breakdown of different grease types:
Matching Grease Types To Specific Applications
Different types of equipment require different grease formulas. Consult your equipment’s manual or contact the manufacturer for recommendations. Some common grease types include the following:
- Lithium-based grease: Versatile and suitable for many general-purpose applications
- Calcium-based grease: Excellent water resistance, ideal for marine equipment
- Synthetic grease: Performs well in extreme temperatures and high-speed applications
- Food-grade grease: Specially formulated for use in food processing equipment
Importance of Grease Quality
Premium grease options provide better protection and last longer than lower-quality alternatives, though they cost more. Make sure the grease you choose is compatible with your equipment to avoid performance issues. Account for working conditions such as temperature, moisture, and the gun’s load size, too.
Safety Precautions for Grease Guns
Make sure you work safely when using a grease gun, especially if the gun is a high-pressure model. Always wear personal protective equipment, such as safety glasses, gloves, and non-slip footwear.
Never point grease guns at yourself or others, and always release the pressure before you disconnect hoses or fittings. Be careful around pinch points or moving equipment parts, and follow the manufacturer’s guidelines to prevent accidents.
Step-by-Step Guide To Loading a Grease Gun
Follow the steps below to load your grease gun correctly.
Step 1: Prepare Your Workspace
Gather the equipment below before you begin your next project:
- Clean rags
- New grease cartridge
- Rubber gloves
- Trash can for disposal
Step 2: Remove Old Grease Cartridges
If your grease gun already contains a cartridge, you’ll need to remove it. Follow the steps below.
- Pull back the plunger and lock it in place.
- Unscrew the barrel from the head assembly.
- Carefully remove the old cartridge and dispose of it properly.
Step 3: Insert New Grease Cartridges
- Remove the plastic cap from the new cartridge.
- Insert the open end of the cartridge into the barrel so that it faces the plunger.
- Remove the pull tab or foil seal from the other end of the cartridge.
- Reassemble the grease gun by screwing the barrel back onto the head assembly.
Step 4: Prime the Grease Gun
- Release the plunger from its locked position.
- Push the plunger into the barrel to force out any air.
- Pump the handle or trigger until grease flows steadily from the coupler.
Proper Techniques for Using a Grease Gun
Once you’ve loaded and primed your grease gun, you can start lubricating your equipment. Follow the techniques below to effectively grease your equipment, and to prevent damage to fittings.
Locate and Clean Grease Fittings
Locate and prepare the fitting before you start applying grease:
- Consult your equipment’s manual to identify all grease points.
- Clean each fitting thoroughly with a rag to remove dirt and debris.
- Inspect fittings for damage or wear, and replace them if necessary.
Apply Grease Correctly
Follow the steps below to properly lubricate your equipment:
- Attach the grease gun coupler to the clean fitting.
- Apply steady pressure to create a tight seal.
- Pump the grease gun until you feel resistance or see a small amount of grease escaping.
- Remove the coupler and wipe away any excess grease.
Avoid Common Mistakes
Be mindful of the common errors below when using a grease gun:
- Over-greasing: This can damage seals and cause overheating.
- Under-greasing: Insufficient lubrication can lead to premature wear.
- Using contaminated grease: Always keep your grease and fittings clean.
- Ignoring manufacturer recommendations: Follow guidelines for grease type and frequency.
Different Greasing Techniques for Various Equipment Types
Different types of machinery may require different greasing techniques. Read more about these specialized techniques below.
Agricultural Equipment
Agricultural machinery operates in harsh conditions, and you must regularly lubricate it to prevent wear. High-stress points such as bearings, joints, and metal-to-metal contact areas require more frequent lubrication to address increased strain. Water-resistant grease is ideal for equipment that frequently encounters moisture or muddy environments. Lubricate agricultural equipment before planting and harvesting seasons.
Automotive and Heavy-Duty Equipment
Automotive and heavy-duty equipment requires consistent greasing. Refer to the manufacturer’s manual for recommended greasing intervals, and use high-pressure grease that’s specifically formulated for heavy loads and high-stress applications. Adjust the greasing frequency as needed based on factors such as workload and climate.
Maintaining Your Grease Gun
Follow the maintenance tips below to keep your grease gun in working order:
Regular Cleaning
Consider the cleaning tips below to keep your grease gun in top condition:
- Clean the coupler thoroughly to prevent clogging.
- Periodically disassemble and clean internal components.
- Store the grease gun in a clean, dry place.
- Wipe down the exterior after each use.
Troubleshooting Common Issues
Address the common problems below to keep your grease gun functioning properly.
- Air pockets: Re-prime the gun if you encounter air in the system.
- Clogged coupler: Clean or replace the coupler if grease won’t flow.
- Difficult pumping: Lubricate the pump mechanism if it becomes stiff.
- Leaking plunger: Replace the plunger seal if grease leaks from the rear.