Jigsaws are a super versatile tool. They can make straight, curved, and beveled cuts across a variety of materials, but what really sets the jigsaw apart is its variable speed settings. Variable speeds make it easy to adapt the tool’s performance to the task at hand.
Knowing how to adjust and use these speed settings effectively can make a big difference in the quality of your cuts and how well you can control the tool. In this article, we’ll dive into the details of jigsaw speed settings, offering guidance on how to choose the right speed for different materials and cutting scenarios. For a hands-on demonstration, This Old House contributor Mark Clement shows you how to combine blade speed, feed rate, and pressure for the best jigsaw performance.
Understanding Jigsaw Speed Settings
Jigsaws come equipped with a variable speed dial or switch that allows you to adjust the blade’s strokes per minute (SPM). This feature helps you get clean, precise cuts in different materials, making it a key part of how your jigsaw works.
Why Speed Matters
How fast a jigsaw blade moves up and down affects several aspects of the cutting process, including cutting efficiency, heat generation, material splintering or melting, and tool control and precision. Selecting the appropriate speed for your material and cut type can make the difference between a smooth, professional-looking result and a rough, damaged workpiece. When the speed is too high, it can lead to excessive heat and potential damage to the material. On the other hand, a low speed may result in rough cuts and longer cutting times. Not only does this affect function and results, but the better you can control the saw, the safer it is.
Types of Speed Controls
Most jigsaws offer two main types of speed control: a variable speed dial that allows you to set the tool’s maximum speed and a variable speed trigger that allows you to control the speed directly as you apply pressure to the trigger.
Some jigsaws combine both features, giving you maximum control over the tool’s performance. For beginners, we recommend starting with the variable speed dial to set a consistent speed. Then, you can gradually move on to the variable trigger as you become more comfortable with handling the tool.
Choosing the Right Speed for the Material
The material you’re cutting plays a big role in determining the ideal jigsaw speed. Here’s a general guide for common materials.
Wood
For most wood-cutting tasks, a medium to high-speed setting works well. Hardwoods may require a slightly lower speed to prevent burning. Softwoods can typically handle higher speeds without issues. Thicker wood pieces might need a slower speed for better control and to prevent the blade from wandering.
Metal
When cutting metal, slower speeds are generally better. Follow these guidelines:
- Thin sheet metal: Use a medium-low speed to reduce the risk of overheating and blade wear.
- Thicker metal or steel: Set the jigsaw to its lowest speed to maintain control and prevent excessive heat.
- Aluminum: A medium speed often works well, offering a balance between cutting efficiency and heat management.
Plastic
Plastic cutting requires careful speed selection to avoid damage. Too fast, and the plastic may melt due to friction. Too slow, and the edges may chip, leading to a rough finish. Start with a medium-low speed and adjust as needed to find the sweet spot for your specific plastic material.
Other Materials
For materials such as ceramic tile, fiberglass, or laminate, begin with the lowest speed setting to avoid cracking or splintering. Gradually increase speed only if necessary and as you get a feel for how the material responds. Use specialized blades designed for these materials for best results.
Techniques for Effective Speed Control
Mastering jigsaw speed control is more than just setting the dial. Here are some techniques to improve your cutting results.
Starting the Cut
Set the speed to low when beginning a cut to gain control. Place the blade against the material before starting the saw to prevent jumping. Gradually increase speed as you enter the cut, allowing the blade to establish its path smoothly.
Adjusting Mid-Cut
Monitor the blade’s performance as you cut, ensuring it’s moving smoothly. Increase speed if the cut is too slow or rough, indicating that more power is needed. Decrease speed if you notice excessive heat, blade wandering, or signs of material damage.
Finishing the Cut
Slow down as you approach the end of the cut to prevent splintering or damaging the final piece. Use steady, controlled pressure to guide the saw through the final section of the material.
Tips for Better Jigsaw Control
Proper speed setting is just one aspect of controlling your jigsaw effectively. Consider these additional tips:
- Use the right blade for your material and cut type, ensuring it’s sharp and in good condition.
- Ensure your workpiece is properly supported and clamped to prevent movement and vibration.
- Let the tool do the work. Don’t force the blade through the material, as this can lead to damage and decreased accuracy. Keep the pressure steady.
Common Mistakes To Avoid With Jigsaw Speed Settings
When using a jigsaw’s speed settings, be aware of these common errors:
- Setting the speed too high for the material, leading to burning, melting, or excessive wear on the blade
- Using too low of a speed, which can cause rough cuts, increased cutting time, and additional stress on the tool
- Failing to adjust speed for different parts of the cut, leading to inconsistent results
- Ignoring material-specific recommendations, which can result in poor-quality cuts and potential damage to both the material and the jigsaw
Jigsaw Maintenance
To ensure your jigsaw continues to perform well at all speeds, regular maintenance is key. Clean the tool after each use, removing dust and debris that can accumulate and affect performance. Regularly check and replace worn blades to maintain cutting efficiency and precision. Lubricate moving parts according to the manufacturer’s instructions to ensure smooth operation. Store the tool in a dry, clean environment to prevent rust and damage, extending its lifespan.
